in this quick PHP tutorial, We’ll discuss php_eol with examples. PHP_EOL is a predefined constant in PHP and represents an end-of-line character. It helps in dealing with text file I/O operations in PHP.
Linux and macOS represent the end-of-line marker by the newline character (\n), whereas Windows environments are represented by a combination of two characters a newline (\r\n).
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There are the following end-line characters used by the platform:
- Unix-based systems (e.g., Linux, macOS) typically use the newline character (
\n) to represent the end of a line. - Windows uses a combination of newline (
\r\n) sequence. - Classic Mac OS (pre-OS X) historically used only the carriage return (
\r) character.
Writing to Files:
Let’s write a file that has two dummy lines and will use PHP_EOL, The PHP_EOL will add end-of-line marker based on the Operating system where the script is running.
$file = fopen('phpflow.txt', 'w');
fwrite($file, 'Line 1' . PHP_EOL);
fwrite($file, 'Line 2' . PHP_EOL);
fclose($file);
The above code will write two lines of text to a file named 'phpflow.txt'.
Concatenating Strings
We can also use PHP_EOL constant to concatenate ‘Hello’ and ‘World’ with the appropriate line break between them.
$message = 'Hello' . PHP_EOL . 'World'; echo $message;
PHP_EOL with Heredoc or Nowdoc Syntax:
We can also use php_eol constant with heredoc and newdoc.
$text = <<<EOT This is a multiline string. It spans multiple lines. And ends here. EOT; echo $text . PHP_EOL;
Conclusion
We have discussed different scenarios to apply PHP_EOL with PHP application. You can add an end-line marker into your string into a text regardless of platform. You can create strings/file by using php_eol and it’ll apply end-of-line characters based on PHP platform environment. It helps to write cross-platform code that helps end-of-line endings.
